Is endoscopy painful?

No. With sedation given by our anaesthesia team, the procedure is comfortable and most patients remember nothing. A local throat spray numbs the passage, and the scope is thinner than a finger.

How soon will I get my endoscopy report?

You receive a printed report with photographs the same day, explained to you before discharge. Biopsy results typically arrive in 2–4 days.

Can endoscopy detect stomach cancer?

Yes. Modern high-definition endoscopy can detect very early cancers and pre-cancerous changes that scans miss. Any suspicious area is biopsied immediately during the procedure.

How often should varices be checked?

Patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension typically need endoscopic surveillance every 6–12 months depending on findings. Dr. Srinivas Bojanapu prepares an individualised surveillance calendar for each patient.

What is the difference between endoscopy and colonoscopy?

Endoscopy examines the upper digestive tract (food pipe, stomach, duodenum) through the mouth; colonoscopy examines the large intestine through the rectum. Both are sedated day-care procedures done at Dhaara.

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Types of Hernia and When Repair Becomes Necessary

A hernia is a weakness in the muscle wall that lets tissue bulge through — it will not close on its own. Most repairs are planned calmly, but a sudden hard, painful bulge is an emergency.

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Dhaara Speciality Hospital, Yelahanka

61 Jakkur Road, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064

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Diagram of inguinal hernia repair with mesh — Elective mesh repair prevents the strangulation emergencies that untreated hernias risk.

Key Takeaways

Common types: inguinal (groin), umbilical (navel), incisional (old surgical scar), epigastric and hiatus hernias.
A reducible bulge that appears on standing/straining and disappears on lying down is the classic presentation.
A bulge that becomes suddenly painful, hard, red or irreducible with vomiting needs emergency surgery — possible strangulation.
Adult hernias do not heal with belts, exercises or time; elective repair prevents emergencies.
Laparoscopic mesh repair offers smaller incisions and quicker return to activity for suitable hernias.

Hernias form in weak spots. The spots are in the groin. They can be at the navel. Old scars are weak spots. Pressure pushes tissue through openings. Hiatus hernias happen at the diaphragm. Coughing raises body pressure. Constipation also raises pressure. Prostate trouble raises pressure. Heavy lifting raises pressure. Pregnancy raises pressure. Obesity raises pressure. Past surgery raises pressure. Extra pressure widens weak spots.

The Common Hernia Types

Type	Where	Typical first sign
Inguinal	Groin	Bulge in the groin, often towards the end of the day; ache on lifting
Umbilical / para-umbilical	Navel	Soft bulge at or beside the navel, common after pregnancy or weight gain
Incisional	Through a previous operation scar	Bulge under or beside an old scar
Epigastric	Upper midline between navel and chest	Small tender lump with burning ache
Hiatus	Stomach slides up through the diaphragm	Acid reflux, heartburn, chest discomfort — no visible bulge

Hiatus hernias are different. They are not like wall hernias. Our service checks them. This service treats acid reflux. It is also called GERD. They are not treated by bulge repair.

A Hernia Becomes an Emergency When:

Strangulation Red Flags — Go Now

Sudden severe pain at the hernia site
The bulge becomes hard, tender and cannot be pushed back
Red, purple or dark discolouration over the bulge
Vomiting, abdominal bloating, inability to pass stool or gas
Fever with any of the above

What Is Happening

The hernia opening has trapped the intestine (incarceration)
Its blood supply may be cut off (strangulation) — tissue is at risk
This needs emergency surgery, not observation at home
Call 87478 74666 — Dhaara's emergency team in Yelahanka operates 24/7
Do not attempt to force the bulge back in yourself

Why Elective Repair Is Usually the Right Call

An adult has a hernia. The hole grows larger. Support belts ease pain. They do not fix the hole. Do not wait for problems. Waiting causes emergency surgery. Emergency surgery has higher risks. Planned surgery is better. It feels more comfortable. It has lower risks. Most adults need surgery. You must be healthy enough. One exception exists. You have a small hernia. You have no symptoms. You have other health issues. A surgeon may wait. They will watch closely. They will give safety tips.

Modern repair uses a mesh. It closes the defect. There is no tension. This keeps recurrence rates low. Some hernias are suitable. The repair is done laparoscopically. It uses a few small incisions. There is less pain. Return to work is faster. This is faster than open repair. Read about hernia repair surgery at Dhaara. See our broader hernia treatment page. Our recovery guide covers what happens. It covers things after the operation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a hernia heal without surgery?

No. A true abdominal wall hernia is a mechanical defect in the muscle layer — belts and exercises may ease symptoms but cannot close the opening. Left alone, most hernias slowly enlarge, and each year a small proportion become emergencies. Elective repair is the definitive treatment for most adults.

What does a strangulated hernia feel like?

The bulge turns suddenly painful, hard and irreducible, often with nausea, vomiting, bloating or fever, and sometimes discolouration of the overlying skin. This is a surgical emergency — reach a hospital immediately.

Is hernia mesh safe?

Surgical mesh has decades of use in hernia repair and remains the standard of care because it reduces recurrence. Serious mesh-related problems are uncommon. If you have specific concerns, discuss them with your surgeon before the operation.

Can I exercise with a hernia?

Gentle activity is generally fine, but heavy lifting, crunches and straining can enlarge the hernia or cause incarceration. Get assessed promptly, and follow your surgeon's advice on activity until repair is done.

Do all hernias need mesh?

Small defects can occasionally be closed with stitches alone, but mesh repair is standard for most adult hernias because it repairs the weakness tension-free and lowers the chance of recurrence. Your surgeon will recommend the right technique for your hernia.

Talk to Dhaara — reachable 24×7

Call 9am?9pm within 2 minutes. After hours, every WhatsApp lands in our staff queue with an auto-callback.

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Gastroenterology

GI & Laparoscopic Surgery

Liver & HPB Surgery

Women's Health

Types of Hernia and When Repair Becomes Necessary

Key Takeaways

The Common Hernia Types

A Hernia Becomes an Emergency When:

Strangulation Red Flags — Go Now

What Is Happening

Why Elective Repair Is Usually the Right Call

Frequently Asked Questions

Talk to Dhaara — reachable 24×7

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